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Black adolescents’ motivation to resist the false dichotomy between mathematics achievement and racial identity

This study investigates the racial-mathematical identity profiles of Black American adolescents. Survey data were collected in five schools across one U.S. urban school district at two time points (spring 2018 [n = 197] and spring 2019 [n = 210]). Based on extant research regarding psychological response patterns to racialized school stress, we investigated the existence of an...

Polygenic effects on brain functional endophenotype for deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia

Deficit schizophrenia (DS) is a subtype of schizophrenia (SCZ). The polygenic effects on the neuroimaging alterations in DS still remain unknown. This study aims to calculate the polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ) in DS, and further explores the potential associations with functional features of brain. PRS-SCZ was calculated according to the Whole Exome sequencing...

The UFM1 E3 ligase recognizes and releases 60S ribosomes from ER translocons

Stalled ribosomes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are covalently modified with the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 on the 60S ribosomal subunit protein RPL26 (also known as uL24)1,2. This modification, which is known as UFMylation, is orchestrated by the UFM1 ribosome E3 ligase (UREL) complex, comprising UFL1, UFBP1 and CDK5RAP3 (ref. 3). However, the catalytic mechanism of UREL...

Moonlight-driven biological choruses in Hawaiian coral reefs

Sounds from fish and invertebrates in coral reefs can create persistent cacophonies that can be recorded for ecosystem monitoring, including during nighttime hours where visual surveys are typically not feasible. Here we use soundscape measurements in Hawaii to demonstrate that multiple coral reef communities are rapidly responsive to shifts in nighttime ambient light, with...

The role of school functioning, physical activity, BMI, sex and age in building resilience among Ukrainian refugee children in Poland

The study aims to examine the relationship between school functioning, physical activity (PA), sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), age, and resilience in Ukrainian children who migrated to Poland due to the war. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022, focusing on 248 children aged 10–15 years. The findings suggest that school environment, including enjoyment of school and strong...

Collective dynamics of swarmalators with higher-order interactions

Higher-order interactions shape collective dynamics, but how they affect transitions between different states in swarmalator systems is yet to be determined. To that effect, we here study an analytically tractable swarmalator model that incorporates both pairwise and higher-order interactions, resulting in four distinct collective states: async, phase wave, mixed, and sync states...

Integrative analysis of epilepsy-associated genes reveals expression-phenotype correlations

Epilepsy is a highly prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Patients exhibit broad genetic, molecular, and clinical diversity involving mild to severe comorbidities. The factors that contribute to this phenotypic diversity remain unclear. Here we used publicly available datasets to systematically interrogate the expression pattern of 230 epilepsy...

Nutrient restriction-activated Fra-2 promotes tumor progression via IGF1R in miR-15a downmodulated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease, characterized by an intense desmoplastic reaction that compresses blood vessels and limits nutrient supplies. PDAC aggressiveness largely relies on its extraordinary capability to thrive and progress in a challenging tumor microenvironment. Dysregulation of the onco-suppressor miR-15a has been extensively documented in...

A low-carbon economic dispatch method for regional integrated energy system based on multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm

This paper investigates Regional Integrated Energy Systems (RIES), emphasizing the connection of diverse energy supply subsystems to address varied user needs and enhance operational efficiency. A novel low-carbon economic dispatch method, utilizing the multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm, is introduced. The method not only optimizes economic and...

High methane ebullition throughout one year in a regulated central European stream

Ebullition transports large amounts of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH\(_4\)) from aquatic sediments to the atmosphere. River beds are a main source of biogenic CH\(_4\), but emission estimates and the relative contribution of ebullition as a transport pathway are poorly constrained. This study meets a need for more direct measurements with a whole-year data set on CH\(_4...

Unraveling athletic performance: Transcriptomics and external load monitoring in handball competition

Objective This study aims to comprehend the impact of handball practice on sub-elite athletes by investigating transcriptomic changes that occur during a match. The primary focus encompasses a dual objective: firstly, to identify and characterize these transcriptomic alterations, and secondly, to establish correlations between internal factors (gene expression), and external...

Shorter self-reported sleep duration is associated with worse virtual spatial navigation performance in men

Sleep has been shown to impact navigation ability. However, it remains unclear how different sleep-related variables may be independently associated with spatial navigation performance, and as to whether gender may play a role in these associations. We used a mobile video game app, Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), to measure wayfinding ability in US-based participants. Wayfinding...

Fasting-mimicking diet causes hepatic and blood markers changes indicating reduced biological age and disease risk

In mice, periodic cycles of a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) protect normal cells while killing damaged cells including cancer and autoimmune cells, reduce inflammation, promote multi-system regeneration, and extend longevity. Here, we performed secondary and exploratory analysis of blood samples from a randomized clinical trial (NCT02158897) and show that 3 FMD cycles in adult...

Bio-economic potential of ethno-entomophagy and its therapeutics in India

Insects are the largest group of arthropods with the highest faunal diversity of over a million species. Apart from many other roles in the environment, the aspect of several insects being used for human consumption (entomophagy) and as traditional medicine (entomotherapy) by different communities of the world holds special significance for countering global food crisis. The...

Underwater image restoration based on dual information modulation network

The presence of light absorption and scattering in underwater conditions results in underwater images with missing details, low contrast, and color bias. The current deep learning-based methods bring unlimited potential for underwater image restoration (UIR) tasks. These methods, however, do not adequately take into account the inconsistency of the attenuation of different color...

Acute and short-term fluctuations in gravity are associated with changes in circulatory plasma protein levels

Gravitational changes between micro- and hypergravity cause several adaptations and alterations in the human body. Besides muscular atrophy and immune system impairment, effects on the circulatory system have been described, which can be associated with a wide range of blood biomarker changes. This study examined nine individuals (seven males, two females) during a parabolic...

Fetal face shape analysis from prenatal 3D ultrasound images

3D ultrasound imaging of fetal faces has been predominantly confined to qualitative assessment. Many genetic conditions evade diagnosis and identification could assist with parental counselling, pregnancy management and neonatal care planning. We describe a methodology to build a shape model of the third trimester fetal face from 3D ultrasound and show how it can objectively...

Separate legal aspects of movement of vehicles for personal use by natural persons across the customs border of Ukraine

The article is devoted to revealing the specifics of the practical and theoretical problems of moving vehicles for personal use by natural persons across the customs border of Ukraine, certain aspects of their customs control and customs clearance within the framework of customs regulation. Definitions of the categories "goods", "vehicles", "personal vehicles”, "commercial...

Structural insights into the octamerization of glycerol dehydrogenase

Glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyzes glycerol oxidation to dihydroxyacetone in a NAD+-dependent manner. As an initiator of the oxidative pathway of glycerol metabolism, a variety of functional and structural studies of GDH have been conducted previously. Structural studies revealed intriguing features of GDH, like the flexible β-hairpin and its significance. Another commonly...

miR-218-5p and doxorubicin combination enhances anticancer activity in breast cancer cells through Parkin-dependent mitophagy inhibition

Breast Cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumours, and is known for its ability to develop resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. Autophagy has been linked to chemotherapeutic response in several types of cancer, highlighting its contribution to this process. However, the role of mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy responsible for damaged mitochondria degradation, in...

Electronic medical record implementation in the emergency department in a low-resource country: Lessons learned

Objective There is paucity of information regarding electronic medical record (EMR) implementation in emergency departments in countries outside the United States especially in low-resource settings. The objective of this study is to describe strategies for a successful implementation of an EMR in the emergency department and to examine the impact of this implementation on the...

Light-field flow cytometry for high-resolution, volumetric and multiparametric 3D single-cell analysis

Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) combines flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy to enable high-throughput, multiparametric single-cell analysis with rich spatial details. However, current IFC techniques remain limited in their ability to reveal subcellular information with a high 3D resolution, throughput, sensitivity, and instrumental simplicity. In this study, we introduce a...

Analysis of the influence of shear-tensile resistance and rock-breaking effect of cutting holes

In the process of drilling and blasting construction of large-cross-section tunnels, the layout of wedge-shaped cutting holes has a great influence on the effect of blasting. In this study, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to assess the effect of different forms of cutting hole placement on blasting effectiveness. First, the fissure-inducing angle was...

The first Neolithic boats in the Mediterranean: The settlement of La Marmotta (Anguillara Sabazia, Lazio, Italy)

Navigation in the Mediterranean in the Neolithic is studied here through the boats that were used, the degree of technical specialisation in their construction and, above all, their chronology. After a brief explanation of the exceptional site of La Marmotta, the characteristics and chronology of the five canoes found at the settlement and one of the nautical objects linked to...

Aptamers targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein exhibit potential anti pan-coronavirus activity

Emerging and recurrent infectious diseases caused by human coronaviruses (HCoVs) continue to pose a significant threat to global public health security. In light of this ongoing threat, the development of a broad-spectrum drug to combat HCoVs is an urgently priority. Herein, we report a series of anti-pan-coronavirus ssDNA aptamers screened using Systematic Evolution of Ligands...

Short turnaround time of seven to nine hours from sample collection until informed decision for sepsis treatment using nanopore sequencing

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) and sepsis are major health problems, annually claiming millions of lives. Traditional blood culture techniques, employed to identify sepsis-causing pathogens and assess antibiotic susceptibility, usually take 2–4 days. Early and accurate antibiotic prescription is vital in sepsis to mitigate mortality and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to...

Linkages between maternal experience of intimate partner violence and child nutrition outcomes: A rapid evidence assessment

Background A strong evidence base indicates that maternal caregivers’ experience of intimate partner violence [IPV] impacts children’s health, cognitive development, and risk-taking behaviors. Our objective was to review peer-reviewed literature describing the associations between a child’s indirect exposure to IPV and corresponding nutrition outcomes, with a particular focus on...

The idea of a theory of values and the metaphor of value-landscapes

This is a conceptual and methodological paper about improving our notion of human values. While it is recognized that talk of values has become increasingly popular in many walks of life, it is claimed that this is not underpinned by solid scientific contributions or a robust theory of values. Two initial claims set the scene for the paper: (1) there is no generally accepted...

Microscopic characteristics and sources of atmospheric dustfall in open-pit mining coal resource-based city in the arid desert area of Northwest China

Atmospheric dustfall is solid air pollutant, has a major impact on the environment and human health. The objective of this study was to investigate the microscopic characteristics and sources of atmospheric dustfall in open-pit mining coal resource-based city in the arid desert area of Northwest China. The characteristics of size and shape factors, variation of shape factors with...

Residential and wealth-related disparities of high fertility preferences in Ethiopia: A decomposition analysis

Background Fertility preference significantly influences contraceptive uptake and impacts population growth, especially in low and middle-income countries. In the previous pieces of literature, variations in fertility preference across residence and wealth categories and its contributors were not assessed in Ethiopia. Therefore, we decomposed high fertility preferences among...

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